Fish farming is a fascinating speciality of aquaculture, based on the rearing of fish in natural environments or artificial ponds. As a young department manager in a pet shop and a great animal lover, I've always wondered : what is fish farming exactly? This comprehensive guide will help you discover the techniques involved in rearing fish for consumption and the many facets of this activity.
Definition and types of fish farming
Fish farming, also known as fish rearing, involves a variety of methods and environments. In France, fish farming is divided into three main sectors:
- Salmon farmingmainly focused on rainbow trout production.
- Marine fish farmingwhich began in the 1970s and includes fish such as sea bass and gilthead bream.
- Pond fish farminga traditional method that favours fish such as carp and pike.
Each of these types of fish farming requires specific techniques adapted to the species farmed and the environment. For example, the salmon farm often incorporates freshwater renewal systems to support the trout, while marine fish farming requires coastal infrastructures to raise species from the sea.
Production and consumption trends in the fish farming sector
Let's take a closer look at the figures for fish production in France. In 2007, the salmon farm has propelled over 32,000 tonnes of rainbow trout onto the market. Not too bad for a country renowned for its cheeses, eh? Did you know that marine fish farming also has its share of successes? With 27 companies, it produced 5,200 tonnes in 2013, including sea bass, gilthead bream and other marine fish.
For those nostalgic for ponds, the pond fish farming offers an estimated production of 8,000 tonnes, mainly using extensive methods. Biodiversity enthusiasts will be delighted to know that this method helps to preserve our rich natural habitat. Ah, the joys of carp and pike!
Quality signs in the fish farming sector
French fish farming professionals are renowned for their know-how and technical skills. Their aim is to produce high-quality products that respect the environment. Did you know that several French fish products are certified by quality labels ?
- Le red label
- L'aquaculture biological
These labels guarantee responsible and sustainable production practices, providing consumers with top-quality products. It's also a great way to support the local economy while enjoying aquatic delights.
Freshwater fish farming in France
When we talk about freshwater fish farmingFrance has a lot to offer. With over 32,000 tonnes of rainbow trout produced annually in freshwater and 12,000 tonnes from pond fish farms, it's fair to say that the French have no shortage of fish on their plates.
This type of fish farming diversifies farming practices in France, offering a variety of products for both direct consumption and the food industry. processed products :
- Whole fish
- Smoked fillets
- Rillettes
- Prepared dishes
Moreover, France is a major world player in caviar production, with an annual output of over 20 tonnes, mainly in the Aquitaine region. And exports of marine fish fry and larvae account for 60 % of production, further underlining French expertise.
Marine fish farming and new trends
Salt water is no exception! Visit marine fish farming in France took off in the 1970s. A small but thriving number of companies produce marine fish such as sea bass, gilthead bream and even turbot. In 2013, marine production reached 5,200 tonnes.
As well as the better-known fish, salmon and sea trout farming is also expanding, despite the environmental and regulatory challenges. For example, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires the impacts of fish farms on ecosystems to be managed.
France also excels in the export market, with an annual production of 280 million marine fish fry and larvae, 60 % of which is exported.
| Sector | Annual production (tonnes) | Main products |
|---|---|---|
| Salmon farming | 32 000 | Rainbow trout |
| Marine fish farming | 5 200 | Sea bass, sea bream, other marine fish |
| Pond fish farming | 8 000 | Carp, roach, pike |
See also
For more tips and advice on rearing your aquatic companions, be sure to consult our shrimp rearing guide. It's packed with useful information that could well improve your fish farming practices.
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